This county got its name in 1101 from a domain near the stronghold: Holtland or Holland.
The landlord of Leiden, situated in a stronghold on the hill (motte), was initially subject to the Bishop of Utrecht but around 1100 the burgraves became subject to the county of Holland. However the castellum was in fact closer to the town of Katwijk, whereas the Roman settlement near modern-day Leiden was called Matilo. This particular castellum was thought to be located at the Burcht of Leiden, and the city's name was thought to be derived from the Latin name Lugdunum. Leiden has in the past erroneously been associated with the Roman outpost Lugdunum Batavorum. A leitha (later "lede") was a human-modified natural river, partly natural, partly artificial. "Canal" is actually not the completely proper word. The name is said to be from Germanic *leitha- "canal" in dative pluralis, thus meaning "at the canals". Leiden was formed on an artificial hill (today called the Burcht van Leiden) at the confluence of the rivers Oude and Nieuwe Rijn (Old and New Rhine).
Other famous Leiden painters include Lucas van Leyden, Jan van Goyen and Jan Steen.įor a chronological guide, see Timeline of Leiden. One of the world's most famous painters, Rembrandt, was born and educated in Leiden. Leiden is a city with a rich cultural heritage, not only in science, but also in the arts. Modern scientific medical research and teaching started in the early 18th century in Leiden with Boerhaave. Leiden University and Leiden University of Applied Sciences (Leidse Hogeschool) together have around 35,000 students. It is twinned with Oxford, the location of the United Kingdom's oldest university. It is a member of the League of European Research Universities and positioned highly in all international academic rankings. Leiden University is one of Europe's top universities, with thirteen Nobel Prize winners.
The city houses Leiden University, the oldest university of the Netherlands, and Leiden University Medical Center. Many important scientific discoveries have been made here, giving rise to Leiden's motto: 'City of Discoveries'. Leiden is a typical university city, university buildings are scattered throughout the city and the many students from all over the world give the city a bustling, vivid and international atmosphere. The recreational area of the Kaag Lakes ( Kagerplassen) lies just to the northeast of Leiden.Ī university city since 1575, Leiden has been one of Europe's most prominent scientific centres for more than four centuries. Leiden is located on the Oude Rijn, at a distance of some 20 km (12 mi) from The Hague to its south and some 40 km (25 mi) from Amsterdam to its north. The Netherlands Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS) further includes Katwijk in the agglomeration which makes the total population of the Leiden urban agglomeration 282,207 and in the larger Leiden urban area also Teylingen, Noordwijk, and Noordwijkerhout are included with in total 365,913 inhabitants. The municipality of Leiden has a population of 127,046 (31st January 2023), but the city forms one densely connected agglomeration with its suburbs Oegstgeest, Leiderdorp, Voorschoten and Zoeterwoude with 215,602 inhabitants.
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